at the level of tail race

little above the tail race

slightly below the tail race

about 2.5 m above the tail race to avoid cavitation

Impulse turbines

Reaction turbines

Axial flow turbines

Mixed flow turbines

low head

high head

high head and low discharge

low head and high discharge.

increases

decreases

remains unaffected

first increases and then decreases

greater than 15°

greater than 8°

greater than 5°

less than 8°