lighter and easier to handle

greater shock absorption

smoother inside walls

all of the above

gib of cotter joint

sleeve and cotter joint

spigot socket cotter joint

knuckle joint

butt weld

fillet weld

sleeve weld

socket weld

be across threaded portion of shank

be parallel to axis of bolt

be normal to threaded portion of shank

never be across the threaded portion

one smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming

a slot is cut partly is middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening a screw

a hard fiber or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip

through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin spitted and bent in reverse direction at other end